1833 1870 Two Maps Germany Prussia Luxembourg by SDUK

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Two (1833 and 1870) Maps of Northern and Central Germany and Luxembourg by SDUK

1833 Map: "Germany (Deutschland) I: Holstein, Hanover, Mecklenburg, the Prussian States, Saxony &c."
Dated; Original Hand Colored Outline
Shows independent German states of the German Confederation; Luxembourg shown as part of the Netherlands

1870 Map: "Germany (Deutschland) I: The Prussian States, Saxony &c."
Printed in Color; Marks Railroads
Shows Germany just before the unification of 1871; the territiorial changes following the Seven Weeks' War of 1866 (Treaty of Prague) are incorporated; shows independent Luxembourg

The 1833 map was published by Baldwin & Cradock, 47 Paternoster Row, London, March 1, 1833. The 1870 Map was published by Edward Stanford, London, 6 Charing Cross. Plate. No. 36. Both maps are based on the engraving by J.&C. Walker; published under the Superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge.

The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (SDUK), which flourished for 20 years in early Victorian England, was devoted to producing high quality but cheap literature to the lower classes. The SDUK can be credited with demonstrating to a skeptical book trade the existence of a mass market and the commercial possibilities of mass production of cheap books. The Series of Maps was one of the SDUK's most successful ventures; indeed, proceeds from the maps financed many other SDUK project. The SDUK archive, located at the library of University College, London, and the basis of this research, provides a wealth of information about publishing practices of the day.

Historical background: In place of the Holy Roman Empire the peacemakers of the Congress of Vienna (1815) had established a new organization of states of central Europe, the German Confederation. This was a loose political association in which most of the rights of sovereignty remained in the hands of the member governments. North German Confederation (German Norddeutscher Bund) was the union of the German states north of the Main River formed in 1867 under Prussian hegemony after Prussia's victory over Austria in the Seven Weeks' War (1866). Berlin was its capital, the king of Prussia was its president, and the Prussian chancellor was also its chancellor. Its constitution served as a model for that of the German Empire, with which it merged in 1871. Most German states depicted on the map joined the German Confederation in 1815; the North German Confederation in 1867, and the German Empire in 1871.

These extremely detailed two authentic maps of northern and central Germany and Luxembourg shows major provinces, cities, roads, rivers, lakes, and mountains. Shown are:

• Hanover (In 1814, Hanover was reconstituted as a kingdom largely because of British influence and acquired Hildesheim, Eichsfeld, East Frisia, Bentheim, Lingen, and Emsland. It was the fourth largest German state after Austria, Prussia, and Bavaria. The kingdom was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and accorded limited self-government.)
• Mecklenburg
• Oldenburg
• Brunswick
• Hamburg
• Lübeck
• Bremen
• Lippe
• Hesse Cassel (In the Seven Weeks' War of 1866 between Prussia and Austria, the elector of Hesse-Kassel Frederick William sided with Austria. The country was then annexed by Prussia and the elector exiled. In 1867 Hesse-Kassel, with Nassau, some former Hesse-Darmstadt districts, and Frankfurt, was made part of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau.)
• Hesse Darmstadt (The duchy sided with the Austrians in the Seven Weeks' War and consequently lost its territory north of the Main River to the Prussian-sponsored North German Confederation.)
• Hesse Homburg (In 1866 was annexed by Prussia ).
• Waldeck
• Anhalt
• Saxony (Altenburg, Coburg, Gotha, Meiningen, Weimar)
• Reuss
• Schwarzburg
• Prussia (including Westphalia, Lower Rhine, Kleveberg, Brandenburg, Prussian Saxony, Magdeburg, Pomerania)
• Holstein (Joined the German Confederation in 1815 as part of Denmark; In 1864 Denmark was defeated by Prussia and, as a result, Holstein was annexed by Prussia and incorporated with Schleswig as a single Prussian province by the Peace of Prague in 1866).
• Luxembourg (in 1831 the Great Powers decided that Luxembourg had to remain in William I's possession and form part of the German Confederation; the duchy was administered autonomously from The Netherlands. In 1866 the German Confederation was dissolved, and Luxembourg became an entirely sovereign nation.

The maps constitute a unique set. The first (dated) map was published 1833. The second (1870) map shows the same area following the Seven Weeks' War of 1866 (Hesse, Hanover, Holstein, and Frankfurt were annexed by Prussia). It also marks railroads (which are obviously absent on a 1833 map!). Scale is given in German and English Miles. See pictures for more details; click image to view larger version.

1833 Map: Engraving measures 12 1/4" x 15 1/4" on 13 1/4" x 16" sheet. Hand colored in outline. The map is in very good condition. Imperfections: uniform age toning; some browning; minor handling in margins.
1870 Map: Engraving measures 12 1/2" x 15 1/4" on 13 1/2" x 17 1/2" sheet. The map is in very good condition. Imperfections: uniform age toning; faint water stain in upper margin (hardly noticeable; far from image).
When combined together, both maps will form a unique set which will look great with a mat and frame.

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