1842 Large Map Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Railroads

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1842 Map of the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg by Ambroise Tardieu

"Belgique & Hollande"
Atlas Universel de Géographie
Ancienne et Moderne
Dressé Par Ambroise Tardieu
de la Société Royale de Géographie de Paris
MDCCCXLII

Shows Dutch Luxembourg, Roads, Railroads
Hand Colored Outline

Ambroise Tardieu, member of La Sociéte de Géographie, published a number of atlases in the early 19th century. This map comes from the 'Atlas Universel de Géographie ', published in Paris in 1842. Edited in Paris by Furne, 55 Rue Saint-André-des-Arts. The maps from Tardieu's atlas were based on the earlier work by Conrad Malte-Brun. Map No. 16. Engraved by Blanchard.

This authentic double-page folio map of the Benelux (Belgium, Holland, Luxembourg) shows detail of the interior and coastal line, including states, provinces, provincial capitals, towns, roads, railroads, rivers, etc. By 1667 the making of polders had developed to the point that the damming of the Zuiderzee was proposed. However, it was only in 1927-32 that a dam 19 miles long, known as the Afsluitdijk ("Enclosing Dam"), was built across the Zuiderzee, separating it into the outer Waddenzee (open to the North Sea) and the inner IJsselmeer (Lake IJssel). The map shows Zuiderzee as an inlet of the North Sea. See pictures for more details; click image to view larger version.

After the defeat of Napoleon, the Allied powers were determined not to leave the Belgian territories in the hands of France. The Kingdom of the Netherlands, the existence of which was confirmed by the Congress of Vienna , was thus established for the convenience of Europe, regardless of the wishes of the Belgians and the Dutch. Prince William of Orange ascended the throne on March 16, 1815, under the title William I. Until the "Belgian Revolution" of August-September 1830, Belgium was united with Holland. On September 25, 1830, a provisional Belgian government was established, and on October 4 it proclaimed the country's independence. On Jan. 20, 1831, an international conference in London recognized Belgium as an independent, state. The map shows Eupen-et-Malmedy region as a part of Germany. Eupen-et-Malmedy lies along the border with Germany and consists of the so-called "redeemed cantons" of Eupen, Malmedy, and Sankt Vith. Until 1794 the region was part of the duchy of Limbourg, the ecclesiastical principality of Stavelot-Malmedy, and the duchy of Luxembourg. Under French rule from 1794 to 1814, it belonged to the Ourthe departement (the present Liege province). Most of the region was annexed by Prussia as a result of the Treaty and Congress of Vienna (1815). It included Moresnet, which was much contested because of its zinc mines and which was divided--one part being given to Prussia, one to The Netherlands, and the third part becoming a condominium called Neutral Moresnet.

The Congress of Vienna also decided the future of Luxembourg. Luxembourg was raised to the status of a grand duchy and was given to William I, prince of Orange-Nassau and king of the Netherlands. The status of the grand duchy during this period was complex: Luxembourg had the legal position of an independent state and was united with The Netherlands only because it was a personal possession of William I. But Luxembourg was also included within the German Confederation, and a Prussian military garrison was housed in the capital city. Luxembourg supported the Belgian revolution against William in 1830, and, in October of that year, the Belgian government announced that the grand duchy was a part of Belgium, while William still claimed the duchy as his own. In 1831 the Great Powers (France, Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria) decided that Luxembourg had to remain in William I's possession and form part of the German Confederation. Moreover, the Great Powers allotted the French-speaking part of the duchy to Belgium (in which it became a province called Luxembourg), while William I was allowed to retain the Luxembourgian-speaking part. Belgium accepted this arrangement, but William I rejected it, only to subsequently accede to the arrangement in 1839. The map shows Luxembourg as "Luxembourg Hollandais".

Map is 13.25 x 16.75 inches on 15.25 x 19.75 inches sheet. Wide margins suitable for framing. Printed on strong quality paper. One centerfold as issued. Wide margins suitable for framing. Original hand colored outline. The condition is very good. Imperfections: minor browning in margins. Will look great with a mat and frame.

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