1567 Munster Leaf Westphalia Holland Berg Cleves 3 Pics
1567 Description of Westphalia and Holland
from "Cosmographia" by Sebastian Münster
Jülich, Berg, The Duchy of Cleves, Holland, Utrecht
Three woodcut pictures
Single authentic woodcut leaf from
"Cosmographia" by Sebastian Münster. German edition; Basel printing
house of Sebastian Heinrich-Petri 1567. Book III ("Von dem Deutschen land"),
pages
dccxxxiii-dccxxxiiii (633-4).
Sebastian
Münster (1488-1552) was a German cartographer, cosmographer, and
Hebrew scholar whose Cosmographia (1544; "Cosmography") was the earliest
German description of the world and a major work
- after the Nuremberg Chronicle of 1493 - in the revival of
geographic thought in 16th-century Europe. Altogether, about 40 editions of the
Cosmographia appeared during 1544-1628.
Although other cosmographies predate Münster's, he is given
first place in historical discussions of this sort of publication, and
was a major influence on his subject for over 200 years.
Cosmographia contained not
only the latest maps and views of many well-known cities, but included
an encyclopaedic amount of detail about the known - and unknown - world
and undoubtedly must have been one of the most widely read books of its
time. Aside from the well-known maps and views present in the
Cosmographia (including
the first separate printed map of the Western Hemisphere),
the text is thickly sprinkled with vigorous woodcuts:
portraits of kings and princes, costumes and occupations, habits and
customs, flora and fauna, monsters and horrors.
Click here for more information about Münster
and Cosmographia, including the content and
list of editions and artists
This authentic
leaf from the German edition of Cosmographia is devoted
to the Netherlands and North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.
The first part talks about
Jülich ("Gülch"),
former duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, centred on the town of Jülich,
located now in the Aachen district of North Rhine-Westphalia.
The counts of Jülich inherited or were enfeoffed with most of the lands
of the Rhenish Palatinate north of the Eifel Mountains, including
control of the imperial city of Aachen. William V of
Jülich, through his marriage in 1328 to the daughter of Count William
III of Holland, became the brother-in-law of Emperor Louis IV, who made
Jülich a margravate in 1336, and of Edward III of England, whom he
helped to secure an alliance with German princes at the outbreak of the
Hundred Years' War. He was also active in the affairs of Holland,
extended his territory northward, and acquired ducal rank as William I
in 1356 and the hereditary office of marshal of the empire. In 1423
Jülich was united with Berg and Ravensberg.
In 1511 the duchies passed to John III, duke of Cleves.
The second part is on Berg ("Bergen"), the
former duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, on the right bank of the Rhine,
now in the administrative districts of Düsseldorf and Cologne.
In the 11th century the counts of Berg came into possession of
Westphalian lands east of Cologne. From 1161 these were divided between
the senior branch of Berg and the junior branch of Altena ("Altenna"),
which acquired the countship of Cleves in 1368. The Berg line became
extinct with the assassination in 1225 of Engelbert I the Holy, the
third member of the family to hold the archbishopric of Cologne, and the
title passed to the House of Limburg. In 1288 Count Adolf V began to
develop Düsseldorf (later Berg's capital) as a port. A member of the
House of Jülich, Gerhard VI (died 1360) married the heiress of Berg in
1348; in 1380 his son William was created duke; and in 1423 Duke Adolf
also inherited Jülich, thus uniting the two duchies and associated
lands.
Thereafter follows a section on the Duchy of Cleves (German: Herzogtum
Kleve), a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany (part of
North Rhine-Westphalia) and the Netherlands (parts of Limburg,
Noord-Brabant and Gelderland). Its territory was situated on both sides
of the river Rhine, around its capital Cleves (Kleve) and roughly covering
today's districts of Cleves, Wesel and the City of Duisburg.
Cleves history is closely related to that of its neighbours: the Duchies
of Jülich, Berg and Guelders and the County of Mark. In 1368, Cleves and
Mark were united. In 1521 Jülich, Berg, Cleves and Mark formed the
united duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. The leaf lists the rulers of Cleves.
The last section talks about Holland,
the historical region of The Netherlands.
Holland originated in the early 12th century as a fief of the Holy Roman
Empire and was ruled by a dynasty of counts that traced its origin to
the 9th century.
In 1432 Holland became part of the Burgundian Netherlands and since 1477
of the Habsburg Seventeen Provinces.
Page 634 describes history and geography of Holland. The text
talks about the bishopric of Utrecht and the principal cities:
Dordrecht, Leiden, and Batavia.
The leaf contains
three excellent woodcut pictures:
-
Coat-of-arms of Berg
-
Coat-of-arms of the Duchy of Cleves
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Coat-of-arms of Holland (the lion, representing the Burgundian Netherlands).
See pictures for more details; click image to view larger version.
Page measures 8.2 x 12.1 inches.
Printed on watermarked laid paper.
The leaf is in good condition.
Imperfections: age toning; faint water stain in top margin and a
small chip in the side margin (both outside the printed area);
This is a rare and exceptionally interesting historical document which
will look great with a mat and frame.
-
This item is unconditionally guaranteed to be original and as described. We do not sell reproductions or
copies.
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